Consumption of Genetically Modified Foods

Roberts Tag

IEEE Tech. and Society: ESEM paper, Allenby, 2000

Reconstructing Earth, Allenby, 2005

Environmental Science & Technology: ESEM Manifesto, Allenby, 2007

Theory and Practice of Sustainable Engineering,

Allenby, 2011

Techno-Human Condition, Allenby & Sarewitz, 2011

1. Targeted Intervention

Interventions should be taken by consumers where necessary (p. 58)

Interventions should be taken by consumers where necessary

Interventions should be taken by consumers where necessary

Interventions should be taken by consumers where necessary (p. 60)

Clients ought to chose between consuming the GMO foods or not

2. Evaluate Technological Fix

Consumption of genetically Modified foods should be encouraged

Consumption of genetically Modified foods should be encouraged

Consumption of genetically Modified foods should be encouraged

Consumption of genetically Modified foods should be encouraged

The safety of GMO foods should be evaluated

3. Real World Boundaries

Boundaries around initiatives of ESEM should depict actual linkages and couplings through time instead of ideological simplicity or disciplinary

The systems involved are defined by the way in which the problems are stated

One should become aware of the boundaries

One should become aware of the set boundaries and be alert from avoid failure.

Predictions should be questioned.

4. Multi dimensional dialogue

Projects and programs at ESEM table are not just scientific and technical in nature but have powerful economic, cultural and political dimensions

The importance of the ESEM programs and projects should be well integrated in the ESEM approaches

Macro ethical and value implications should be inherent in all the activities of ESEM

Worldview and macro ethical implications should be given priority

Productive conflicts should be nourished and accepted.

5. Techno-Social Differentiation

Unnecessary Conflicts around ESEM programs and projects should be minimized.

To change behavior, ESEM projects can combine both scientific and engineering efforts and issues.

Sustainable engineers should respect differences between technical and social engineering and understand them.

There should be no confusion between social efficiency and economic efficiency.

6. Transparent Governance

Governance models raised by ESEM Initiatives should be transparent, democratic and accountable.

Transparency and consensus are required through transparent, open and democratic governance

Pluralistic decision making and accountable governance should be applied

Anthropogenic earth conditions need transparent, accountable and democratic governance.

Pluralism is better than expertise.

7. Multicultural Dialogue

All inclusive dialogue. should be encouraged among all stakeholders to achieve social legitimacy and public acceptance

Dialog and Multiculturalism (p. 158)

Productive conflicts should be nourished and accepted.

8. Part of the Problem

Instead of being exogenous towards a system, the earth systems engineer sees himself or herself to be an integral part of the system.

The system engineer should be quick in response and be flexible towards changes in dynamics and the system instead of being an outsider.

Designers and actors are part of the system and should be responsible for its flaws

Sustainable engineers are part of the problems of the system

The human itself is part of the increasing changes shaped by technology

9. Systems and Artifacts

Artifacts should be designed in themselves as ESEM arguments instead of traditional engineering activities.

People should learn to manage and engineer complex systems and not just artifacts.

Embrace principled and rigorous muddle instead of seeking for ultimately dysfunctional and false simplicity.

The human element is responsible for the creation of complex earth and technological systems.

10. Continuous Learning

Continual learning at the institutional and persona levels must be included in the process.

ESEM Processes should include continual learning, both institutional and personal

Continuous learning should be ensured

Ensure continuous learning

Ensure continuous learning

11. Long Term Investment

Adequate resources must be availed to ensure understanding of the relevant responses

Adequate resources should be available to support all programs

12. Quantitative metrics

Suitable quantitative metrics should be established and possible problematic system responses should be predicted.

Quantitative metrics through which progress can be tracked should be established.

Metrics to ascertain if the system is moving well should be established in order to achieve desired outcomes.

There is easy measurement of performance and failure from feedbacks are clear.

13. No explicit control

Unlike well known and simple systems the unpredictable and dense systems cannot be explicitly or centrally be controlled.

Unlike well known and simple systems the unpredictable and dense systems cannot be explicitly or centrally be controlled.

Unlike well known and simple systems the unpredictable and dense systems cannot be explicitly or centrally be controlled.

No one knows how to take interventions

14.Expect emergence

In complex systems, high levels of system organization, emergent characteristics and scale up should be given room for emergent characteristics and the inevitable discontinuities.

Focus should be placed on option spaces.

15. Incremental and Reversible

Instead of engineering changes being irreversible and fundamental, they should be whenever possible be reversible and incremental.

In ESEM systems, design, policy and engineering initiatives should be reversible and incremental instead of being irreversible and fundamental.

In ESEM systems, design, policy and engineering initiatives should be reversible and incremental instead of being irreversible and fundamental.

In ESEM systems, design, policy and engineering initiatives should be reversible and incremental instead of being irreversible and fundamental.

Scenarios should be played with and focus placed on option spaces.

16. Resilient not Redundant

Support of evolution resilience instead of redundancy in the system should be a major goal in earth systems engineering

ESEM should attempt at fostering resilience and not redundancy.

Resiliency should be aimed at in designing rather than redundancy

Resiliency should be aimed at in designing rather than redundancy

Focus on option spaces